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Ondo Finance: Tokenising Assets Onchain

5 min
Ondo Finance: Tokenising Assets Onchain

Key Takeaways

  • Ondo converts traditional financial assets into digital tokens that live on a blockchain and can be traded at any time.

  • Real-world assets (RWAs) include things like cash, bonds, or shares. Tokenisation means creating a blockchain token that represents ownership of those assets.

  • Ondo uses the same safeguards big financial institutions rely on, such as regulated custodians, audits, legal structures, and investor checks, and combines them with blockchain technology.

  • Key risks include legal and regulatory uncertainty, reliance on custodians who hold the real assets, and the usual technical risks involved with smart contracts and bridging between blockchains. 

Introduction to Ondo

Ondo Finance focuses on bringing traditional financial assets onto public blockchains. The core idea is straightforward, convert assets like U.S. Treasury bills into digital tokens. These tokens behave like a representation of the real asset, but they can move on a blockchain 24/7.

This approach enables investors to earn traditional financial returns, such as the yield from Treasuries, while leveraging crypto technology for fast settlement, global access, and the ability to integrate these tokens into decentralised finance (DeFi) applications.

Ondo gathers a pool of real assets, such as bonds or cash, and issues tokens that represent a share of that pool. A regulated custodian holds the actual assets in the traditional financial system, while investors hold the tokens onchain.

The ONDO token is the project’s governance token. Holders can vote on how certain parts of the system operate through the Ondo DAO, which is a decentralised group that makes decisions about upgrades, parameters, and incentives.

Ondo promoting its tokenised fixed income products (Source: Ondo)

Real-World Assets, Onchain

Real-world assets (RWAs) are anything with economic value that exists outside of crypto. Common examples include cash, real estate, bonds, and listed company shares. Tokenisation is the process of creating a digital token on a blockchain that represents the real-world asset. You still have the physical or traditional asset stored safely in the real world, but the token gives you an onchain claim to it.

The usual setup works like this:

  1. A legal entity holds the real asset in custody.

  2. The entity issues a digital token that represents ownership of that asset.

  3. When you hold the token, you effectively hold a legally recognised claim on the underlying asset.

The advantages include speed, transparency, and the ability to trade or transfer your claim instantly on a blockchain, even though the underlying asset remains safely in a regulated bank or custodian account.

Google search trends in RWA over time (source: Google Trends)

Ondo Products and Technology

Ondo’s product flow starts when an investor deposits cash or stablecoins. Ondo uses that money to purchase real-world assets such as funds, bonds, or Treasuries. A regulated custodian then holds those assets. After that, the protocol issues tokens to the investor, representing their share of the underlying assets.

Since the real assets sit offchain, proving they actually exist is critical. This is where proof of reserves comes in. Proof of reserves is any method that verifies the custodian really holds the assets backing the tokens. This might include third-party attestations, onchain reporting tools, or frequent updates that show the onchain token supply matches the value of assets stored offline.

Tokenised Stocks

Ondo has expanded from tokenised cash and bonds into tokenised stocks. These are digital tokens on a blockchain that track the value of traditional shares or ETFs. Each token is backed by real securities held by a regulated broker-dealer. The tokens are designed to follow the price of the stock, and when possible, include economic features such as dividends or stock splits.

Ondo Global Markets is the platform that powers these tokenised equities. It lets investors mint and redeem more than 100 tokenised U.S. stocks and ETFs onchain. The assets are fully backed by real securities held with U.S.-registered broker-dealers. Because they’re tokenised, they can move onchain at any time, rather than only during market hours.

This marks a shift toward building a broader, onchain securities platform. The appeal lies in global access to U.S. markets, combined with tokens that can integrate into DeFi tools such as lending markets, liquidity pools, or automated trading strategies. The major challenge is regulation. Rules for tokenised securities are still developing in the U.S. and other regions, meaning eligible users, product types, and long-term availability could change as regulators update their frameworks.

Ondo’s approach to tokenised stocks (Source: Ondo)

Summary

Ondo Finance is a leading project working to bridge traditional financial markets with the flexibility of blockchain networks.
It aims to meet institutional standards regarding custody, auditing, and legal compliance, while still providing crypto users with the benefits of 24/7 access and the ability to integrate tokenised assets into DeFi systems.

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